About ======= .. important:: This work is directly related to the study [Schott2023]_ and [Schott20232]_. This project is under construction and new functionalities are constantly added on this package. For support do not hesitate to contact `Florian Schott `_ or `Rajmund Mokso `_ Overview ======= The package is currently structured in 11 sections: * FoamQuant.Process * FoamQuant.FromBinary * FoamQuant.FromLabelled * FoamQuant.FromContact * FoamQuant.Tracking * FoamQuant.Passage * FoamQuant.Average * FoamQuant.Figure * FoamQuant.Movie * FoamQuant.VTK * FoamQuant.Helper .. figure:: Diagram.png :scale: 20% Current package structure. The functions in red are not yet included in FoamQuant. Process ----------------- Wrapped functions for processing batch foam-like images: from raw images to bubble-segmented images. * Remove background (homogeneization) * Phase segmentation (binarization) * Masking (cylindrical or region of interest) * Remove small objects and holes (volume threshold) * Bubble segmentation (watershed) * Remove edge bubbles (edge of a mask if provided) .. figure:: Figure_segmentation.png :scale: 40% (a) **raw reconstructed image**, (b) **phase segmented image** and (c) **bubble segmented image**. FromBinary ----------------- Functions to quantify the liquid fraction from a batch of phase segmented images. .. figure:: fromliqfrac.png :scale: 40% The liquid fraction along a cartesian mesh can be returned **structured** or **unstructured**. FromLabelled ----------------- Functions to quantify the bubbles regions properties from a batch of labelled images. .. figure:: fromlab.png :scale: 40% The function save the regions properties in a **.csv** Tracking ----------------- Functions to track the bubbles and their properties from a batch of labelled images. .. figure:: tracking.png :scale: 40% The color (from green to black) indicates the time index. The red points are the lost tracking positions. Passage and Average ----------------- Functions to convert scalar, vectorial or tensorial properties from cartesian to cylindrical and spherical, and perform time/space averages. .. figure:: passage_average.png :scale: 40% In this example the displacement field is first expressed in a cylindrical basic and then averaged. Two ways of measuring the internal strain field ----------------- - Shape field, defined in [Graner2008]_ and first used in [Raufaste2015]_ - Texture field, defined in [Graner2008]_ .. figure:: shape_texture_3d.PNG :scale: 50% Label traking ----------------- The tracking method was inspired by ID-track presented in [Ando2013]_. .. figure:: tracking_3d.PNG :scale: 70% Tracking of five bubbles, showing various tracked properties: elastic internal strain, number of neighbours, velocity, and volume. References ============ .. [vanderWalt2014] S. van der Walt et al., scikit-image: Image processing in Python. PeerJ 2:e453 (2014) https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.453 .. [Stamani2020] Stamati et al., (2020). spam: Software for Practical Analysis of Materials. Journal of Open Source Software, 5(51), 2286, https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.02286 .. [Ando2013] Andò,E. et al., Experimental micromechanics: grain-scale observation of sand deformation, Géotechnique Letters 2, 107–112, (2012) https://doi.org/10.1680/geolett.12.00027 .. [Hall2010] S. A. Hall et al., Discrete and continuum analysis of localised deformation in sand using X-ray μCT and volumetric digital image correlation. Géotechnique, 60(5), 315-322, (2010) https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.2010.60.5.315 .. [Graner2008] F. Graner et al., Discrete rearranging disordered patterns, part I: Robust statistical tools in two or three dimensions, Eur. Phys. J. E 25, 349–369 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2007-10298-8 .. [Raufaste2015] Raufaste, C. et al., Three-dimensional foam flow resolved by fast X-ray tomographic microscopy, EPL, 111, 38004, (2015) https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/111/38004 .. [Schott2023] F. Schott et al., Three-dimensional liquid foam flow through a hopper resolved by fast X-ray microtomography, Soft Matter, (2023) https://doi.org/10.1039/d2sm01299e .. [Schott20232] F. Schott et al., Structural formation during bread baking in a combined microwave-convective oven determined by sub-second in-situ synchrotron X-ray microtomography, Food Research International, (2023) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113283